Reproductive biology of "Helianthemum apennium" (L.) Mill. and "H. caput-felis" Boiss. (Cistaceae) from Mallorca (Balearic Island, Spain)

El estudio de la biología reproductiva de poblaciones naturales de Helianthemum apenninum y H. caput-felis en Mallorca ha demostrado que son básicamente entomófilos, aunque también producen numerosos frutos por auto-polinización. Las flores de H. caput-felis duran cuatro dias, mientras que las de H.apenninum duran uno, como suele ocurrir en otras especies del género. En la población de H. apenninum, la predación por ungulados afecta al 50% de los individuos. Los test de germinación mostraron una temperatura óptima de germinación de 16 ºC para H. apenninum y de 23ºC para H. caput-felis. H. caput-felis muestra una importante variabilidad interanual en su comportamiento germinativo. En las poblaciones naturales de H. caput-felis, se ha observado atelecoria, y en relación con ésta, las semillas germinan dentro de la cápsula

Delimitación de las áreas más apropiadas para la conservación de la flora y la vegetación de la isla de Formentera

Abstract not availabl

Notes florístiques de les Illes Balears (VIII)

Abstract not availabl

Early versus later response to treatment in patients with community-acquired pneumonia: analysis of the REACH study

Background: Key goals in the treatment of CAP include early response to treatment and achievement of clinical stability. The US FDA recommends early response endpoints (72 hours after initiation of treatment) in clinical trials for the treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia. REACH (REtrospective Study to Assess the Clinical Management of Patients With Moderate-to-Severe Complicated Skin and Soft Tissue Infections [cSSTI] or CAP in the Hospital Setting) was a retrospective observational study, providing current data on the clinical management and resource burden of CAP in real-life settings in European hospitals. This analysis reviews the characteristics and outcomes of patients showing early positive response to treatment (time to clinical stability [TCS] ≤ 4 days, as assessed by Halm's criteria) compared with patients with later positive response [TCS] > 4 days). Methods: Patients were adults, hospitalized with CAP (2010-2011) and requiring in-hospital treatment with intravenous antibiotics. Results: Of the 2039 patients included in REACH, 585 (28.7%) had TCS assessed by Halm's criteria: 332 (56.8%) showed early response (median 3.0 days), and 253 (43.2%) showed later response to treatment (median 7.0 days). Use of Halm's criteria varied across participating countries, ranging from 0% (Belgium) to 49.1% (UK). Patient characteristics and relevant medical history were similar between the two groups. There were no notable differences in initial antibiotic therapy between groups, except that more early responders had been treated with amoxicillin-clavulanate and amoxicillin monotherapy (22.6%; 7.5%, respectively) than later responders (5.9%; 1.2%, respectively). Initial treatment modification and re-infection or recurrences were less frequent in early responders compared with later responders (14.2% and 3.3% vs. 34.8% and 5.9%, respectively). Early responders had a shorter duration of hospitalization (mean 9.4 +/- SD 7.0; median 8.0 days vs. mean 15.6 +/- SD 10.5; median 12.0 days, respectively), lower rate of ICU admission (3.3% vs. 21.3%) and shorter duration of ICU stay (mean 6.2 +/- SD 5.7; median 4.0 days vs. mean 10.4 +/- SD 10.1; median 8.0 days, respectively) compared with later responders. Mortality was low in both groups. Conclusions: Achieving early clinical stabilization in CAP (≤ 4 days) is associated with improved outcomes, lower requirement for initial treatment modification or readmission and lower resource use, compared with a later response

Current management of patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia across Europe: outcomes from REACH

Background: Data describing real-life management and treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Europe are limited. REACH (http://NCT01293435 webcite) was a retrospective, observational study collecting data on the management of EU patients hospitalized with CAP. The purpose of this study was to understand patient and disease characteristics in patients hospitalized with CAP and to review current clinical practices and outcomes. Methods: Patients were aged ≥18 years, hospitalized with CAP between March 2010 and February 2011, and requiring in-hospital treatment with intravenous antibiotics. An electronic Case Report Form was used to collect patient, disease and treatment variables, including type of CAP, medical history, treatment setting, antibiotics administered and clinical outcomes. Results: Patients (N = 2,039) were recruited from 128 centres in ten EU countries (Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, UK). The majority of patients were aged ≥65 years (56.4%) and had CAP only (78.8%). Initial antibiotic treatment modification occurred in 28.9% of patients and was more likely in certain groups (patients with comorbidities; more severely ill patients; patients with healthcare-associated pneumonia, immunosuppression or recurrent episodes of CAP). Streamlining (de-escalation) of therapy occurred in 5.1% of patients. Mean length of hospital stay was 12.6 days and overall mortality was 7.2%. Conclusion: These data provide a current overview of clinical practice in patients with CAP in EU hospitals, revealing high rates of initial antibiotic treatment modification. The findings may precipitate reassessment of optimal management regimens for hospitalized CAP patients

Current management of patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia across Europe: outcomes from REACH

Background: Data describing real-life management and treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Europe are limited. REACH (NCT01293435) was a retrospective, observational study collecting data on the management of EU patients hospitalized with CAP. The purpose of this study was to understand patient and disease characteristics in patients hospitalized with CAP and to review current clinical practices and outcomes. Methods: Patients were aged >= 18 years, hospitalized with CAP between March 2010 and February 2011, and requiring in-hospital treatment with intravenous antibiotics. An electronic Case Report Form was used to collect patient, disease and treatment variables, including type of CAP, medical history, treatment setting, antibiotics administered and clinical outcomes. Results: Patients (N = 2,039) were recruited from 128 centres in ten EU countries (Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, UK). The majority of patients were aged >= 65 years (56.4\%) and had CAP only (78.8\%). Initial antibiotic treatment modification occurred in 28.9\% of patients and was more likely in certain groups (patients with comorbidities; more severely ill patients; patients with healthcare-associated pneumonia, immunosuppression or recurrent episodes of CAP). Streamlining (de-escalation) of therapy occurred in 5.1\% of patients. Mean length of hospital stay was 12.6 days and overall mortality was 7.2\%. Conclusion: These data provide a current overview of clinical practice in patients with CAP in EU hospitals, revealing high rates of initial antibiotic treatment modification. The findings may precipitate reassessment of optimal management regimens for hospitalized CAP patients

Piomiositis no traumàtica recurrent en un jugador de futbol professional

La piomiositis representa una important infecció del múscul esquelètic causada principalment per Staphylococcus aureus. En aquest article es presenta el cas clínic d’un futbolista d’elit amb antecedents de fol·liculitis de repetició i portador crònic de S. aureus que presenta en un període de 6 mesos dos episodis de piomiositis muscular no traumàtica que després de les proves complementàries adequades, el cultiu del microorganisme i el tractament antibiòtic correcte es van resoldre sense complicació

Piomiositis no traumática recurrente en un jugador de fútbol profesional

La piomiositis representa una importante infección del músculo esquelético causada principalmente por Staphylococcus aureus. En este artículo se presenta el caso clínico de un futbolista de élite con antecedentes de foliculitis de repetición y portador crónico de S. aureus que presenta en un período de 6 meses dos episodios de piomiositis muscular no traumática que, tras las pruebas complementarias adecuadas, el cultivo del microorganismo y el tratamiento antibiótico correcto, se resolvieron sin complicación alguna

Actitud de los residentes hacia el alojamiento P2P: la perspectiva de los millennials

Uno de los fenómenos que con más fuerza está impactando la actividad turística en la actualidad es el intercambio, a gran escala, de plazas de alojamiento entre particulares. Aunque existe una extensa producción científica sobre la actitud de los residentes hacia el turismo, en general existen muy pocas investigaciones relacionadas con la formación de su actitud hacia este tipo de alojamiento y, específicamente, por parte de los millennials. A partir de un modelo de medición de la percepción de los impactos del turismo basado en la teoría del intercambio social se ha efectuado un análisis comparativo entre los millennials y las generaciones de mayor edad, de la actitud de los residentes hacia esta actividad y de la percepción de los impactos que provoca. El análisis se realiza utilizando una muestra de 1088 ciudadanos de Tenerife y 529 de Mallorca. El estudio confirma que el apoyo que recibe esta actividad es mayor por parte de esta generación.One of the phenomena that has made an important incursion into the tourism activity today is the exchange of accommodation in private homes. Although there is an extensive scientific work on the attitude of residents towards tourism, in general there is very little research related to the formation of their attitude towards this type of accommodation and, specifically, on the part of the millennials. The study has been based on a model of measurement of the perception of the impacts of tourism by using the theory of social exchange. A comparative analysis has been carried out between the millennials and the older generations, the residents’ attitude to this activity and the perception of the impacts that it causes. The analysis is performed by using a sample of 1088 citizens from Tenerife and 529 from Mallorca. The study confirms that the support received for this activity is greater in this generation

Harvest Strategies for an Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management in Western Mediterranean Demersal Fisheries

The serious overfishing of most Mediterranean stocks demands urgent reforms of the management measures aiming to guarantee the sustainability of resources, notably when compared with the improvement observed in other European areas. The new EU Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) constitutes an excellent opportunity to introduce the changes needed for such a reform. According to this CFP, all European fish stocks should be brought to a state where they can produce at MSY by 2020 at the latest. The CFP also establishes that the objective of sustainable exploitation should be achieved through multiannual plans (MAPs) adopted in consultation with relevant stakeholders having fisheries management interests such as fishermen, non-governmental organizations, and policy makers. Together with the MSY and MAP approaches, the new CFP contains several other measures, directed to guarantee the ecological and socio-economic sustainability of fisheries by means of the implementation of the ecosystem approach to fisheries management (EAFM). With this new perspective, the CFP wants to avoid past failures of fisheries management based on monospecific approaches. This study is a first step toward the application of the EAFM in the Balearic Islands by means of the development of a harvest strategy with defined objectives, targets, limits, and clear management control rules aimed at optimizing socioeconomic and ecological objectives in the framework of the new CFP. Different management scenarios designed to achieve that goal were modeled for the main demersal commercial fisheries from the study area, the bottom trawl, and small-scale fisheries. The work begins with a general description of those fisheries, their main fishing grounds, and assessments of the exploitation status of the main target stocks in order to establish the current situation. Secondly, alternative management scenarios to maximize catch and profits while considering societal objectives were evaluated by means of bio-economic models. Thirdly, management measures were provided based on the previous modeling and discussions with stakeholders. Finally, a monitoring scheme was outlined to assess the progresses of the proposed management actions. This work is intended to be a working example of co-management (fishers, policy-makers, and scientists) in the Mediterranean in the framework of the new EU CFPVersión del edito